Are industrial trucks operating in areas where flammable gases or vapors, or combustible dust or ignitable fibers may be present in the atmosphere, approved for such locations? FRA's Associate Administrator for Safety may prohibit or revoke a railroad's ability to utilize an automated tracking system in lieu of tagging if FRA finds that the automated tracking system is not properly secure, is inaccessible to FRA or a railroad's employees, or fails to adequately track or monitor the movement of defective equipment. Locate the points where the potential due to the dipole is zero. The input data is contained in Appendix C to FRA's Technical Criteria and Procedures Report, available at http://www.fra.dot.gov/eLib/details/L01292#p4_z50_gD_lRT. Workers A conducting spherical shell of inner radius 50 cm and Answer: Is employee exposure to welding fumes controlled by ventilation, use of respirators, exposure time, or other means? It is also available for inspection at NARA. At least one rescue access window shall be located in each side of the car entirely within 15 feet of the car's centerline, or entirely within 712 feet of the centerline if the car does not exceed 45 feet in length. Scoring good marks in class 12 board exams is extremely important for every student. 2, Standard for Passenger Seats in Passenger Rail Cars, Authorized October 3, 2010. (1) Pre-revenue service qualification. Are employees strictly forbidden from taking a position directly over or in front of a tire while it's being inflated? 17. Q1 = Q2 = 2.5C Movement of passenger equipment with other than power brake defects. Two-point charges q and 2q are kept d distance apart. In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the plates, each plate has an area and the distance between the plates is \[3mm\]. (1) Not later than January 10, 2001, each passenger railroad shall complete a preliminary fire safety analysis for each category of existing passenger cars and locomotives and rail service. Except as provided in this section, all passenger equipment placed into service on or after January 1, 2007, that is equipped with a safety appliance, required by the manner of application provisions in part 231 of this chapter to be attached by a mechanical fastener (i.e., bolts, rivets, or screws), shall have the safety appliance and any bracket or support necessary to attach the safety appliance to the piece of equipment mechanically fastened to the piece of equipment. 16. When pipelines are identified by color painting, are all visible parts of the line so identified? (viii) The point of impact shall be at the geometrical center of the glazing article. For purposes of this section, unattended equipment means equipment left standing and unmanned in such a manner that the brake system of the equipment cannot be readily controlled by a qualified person. (c) Safety appliance mechanical strength and fasteners. (a) Estimate the potential energy of the system in \[eV\], taking the zero of the potential energy at infinite separation of the electron from the proton. 19, 2019]. Side-facing glazing also means glazing located at the coupled ends of MU locomotives or other equipment semi-permanently connected to each other in a train consist and glazing located at end doors other than at the cab end of a cab car or MU locomotive. (A) Capable of releasing the door (or door leaf) to permit it to be opened without power from outside the car; (B) Located adjacent to the door (or door leaf) that it controls; and. Consequently, starting in 1957, a year after Swan, both labs began one-point safety tests. Answer: The training curriculum shall specifically address the Federal regulatory requirements contained in this part that are related to the performance of the tasks identified; (5) Require all employees and contractors to successfully complete the training course that covers the equipment and tasks for which they are responsible that are required by this part as well as the specific Federal regulatory requirements contained in this part related to equipment and tasks for which they are responsible; (6) Require all employees and contractors to pass either a written or an oral examination covering the equipment and tasks for which they are responsible that are required by this part as well as the specific Federal regulatory requirements contained in this part related to equipment and tasks for which they are responsible; (7) Require all employees and contractors to individually demonstrate hands-on capability to successfully perform the tasks required by this part that must be performed as part of their duties on the type equipment to which they are assigned; (8) Require supervisors to complete the program that covers the employees whom they supervise, including refresher training; (9) Require supervisors to exercise oversight to ensure that all the identified tasks are performed in accordance with the railroad's written procedures; (10) Designate in writing that each employee and contractor has the knowledge and skills necessary to perform the safety-related tasks that are part of his or her job; (11) Require periodic refresher training, at an interval not to exceed three years, that includes classroom and hands-on training, as well as testing; except, employees and contractors that have completed their initial training under this part prior to January 1, 2002, shall not be required to complete their first periodic refresher training until four years after the completion of their initial training, and every three years thereafter; (12) Add new equipment to the qualification and designation program prior to its introduction to revenue service; and. Trainset, passenger means a passenger train. (l) Locomotives ordered on or after September 8, 2000 or placed in service for the first time on or after September 9, 2002, shall be equipped with effective air coolers or dryers that provide air to the main reservoir with a dew point at least 10 degrees F. below ambient temperature. Before any repair work is done on the pressure system of a compressor, is the pressure bled off and the system locked-out? Is it strictly prohibited to direct compressed air towards a person? Not later than 30 days from the date of publication of the notice in the Federal Register concerning a petition under paragraph (d) of this section, any person may comment on the petition. The requirements of this subpart apply beginning on September 9, 1999. Important early discoveries had been made at the adjacent Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, such as the 1940 cyclotron-made production and isolation of plutonium. E \(\frac{1}{r}\). Passenger station means a location designated in a railroad's timetable where passengers are regularly scheduled to get on or off any train. It has a smaller critical mass than uranium. Do stairs angle no more than 50 and no less than 30 degrees? When portable rung ladders are used to gain access to elevated platforms, roofs, and the like does the ladder always extend at least 3 feet above the elevated surface? (CBSE 2019C) (1) If a Tier III trainset is equipped with a brake pipe, the leakage rates shall not exceed the limits defined in either paragraph (l)(2) of this section, or those defined in the Air Consumption Analysis included in the railroad ITM program, whichever is more restrictive. (CBSE 2019C) (v) The signature or electronic identification of the inspector. The Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR) is a continuously updated online version of the CFR. 3. Determine the electric field (i) between the sheets, and (ii) outside the sheets. What happens to the charge and potential of B? Capacitance of capacitor ${{C}_{4}}$ is given as $200pF$. It is measured in N m2 C-1, (ii) Consider a uniform electric field \(\vec{E}\) = 5 103 NC-1. Ans: Capacitor of the capacitance is given as, \[C=12pF=12\times {{10}^{-12}}F\], Potential difference is provided as, \[V=50V\]. (a) Prior to commencing revenue service operation of Tier II passenger equipment, each railroad shall prepare and execute a written plan for the safe operation of such equipment. electric potential, A:For a point outside sphere ,the sphere acts as a point charge concentrated at the center of the, Q:Find the work done in moving a point charge Q - 20 C from,the origin to (4,0,0) m This device was tested in the Zuni shot of Operation Redwing. The dipole will not be in equilibrium in any of the two positions. (a) The information collection requirements of this part were reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget pursuant to the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. (b) A rim-stamped straight-plate wheel shall not be used as a replacement wheel on a private car that operates in a passenger train if a brake shoe acts on the tread of the wheel for the purpose of slowing the car. (e) No later than December 6, 2018, each passenger train crewmember must be trained on: (1) The requirements of this section; and. Why does the electric field inside a dielectric decrease when it is placed in an external electric field? "neutrons carry off most of the reaction energy", Glasstone and Dolan. Using the heat and pressure of fission, hydrogen-2, or deuterium (2D), fuses with hydrogen-3, or tritium (3T), to form helium-4 (4He) plus one neutron (n) and energy:[13], The total energy output, 17.6 MeV, is one tenth of that with fission, but the ingredients are only one-fiftieth as massive, so the energy output per unit mass is approximately five times as great. Are there trained personnel in First Aid and CPR immediately available? (2) Brake pipe leakage may not exceed 5 p.s.i. such information was not already covered in other training. Where fueling or transfer of fuel is done through a gravity flow system, are the nozzles of the self-closing type? (b) Interior train coupling points between units, including between units of articulated cars or other permanently joined units of cars, shall have an anti-climbing mechanism capable of resisting an upward or downward vertical force of 100,000 pounds without yielding. Hence, electric field intensity, \[E=10%\] of \[{{10}^{7}}={{10}^{6}}V/m\], Capacitance of the parallel plate capacitor, $C=50pF=50\times10^{-12}F$, \[\Rightarrow d=\frac{1000}{{{10}^{6}}}\], \[C=\frac{{{\in }_{0}}{{\in }_{1}}A}{d}\], \[A=\frac{CD}{{{\in }_{0}}{{\in }_{1}}}\], \[\Rightarrow A=\frac{50\times {{10}^{-12}}\times {{10}^{-3}}}{8.85\times {{10}^{-12}}\times 3}=19c{{m}^{2}}\]. A $4\mu F$ capacitor is charged by a $200V$ supply. Two charges \[2\mu C\] and \[-2\mu C\] are placed at points A and B \[6cm\] apart. For information on the availability of this material at NARA, call 202-741-6030 or go to www.archives.gov/federal-register/cfr/ibr-locations.html. Charge on ${{C}_{1}}$ is given by, ${{Q}_{1}}={{C}_{1}}{{V}_{1}}=100\times {{10}^{-12}}\times 100={{10}^{-8}}$. Its yield, at Bikini, was 6.9 megatons. (i) The date and time that the Class I brake test was performed; (ii) The location where the test was performed; (iii) The identification number of the controlling locomotive of the train; (iv) The total number of cars inspected during the test; and. (b) Colliding equipment. Warhead before firing. Forward end structure of locomotives, including cab cars and MU locomotives. Force F applied on the unit positive electric charge q at a point describes the electric field. The two fields are equal in magnitude but have different directions. FBD= K\(\frac{q Q \sqrt{2}}{a^{2}}\) along AC, net force of charge Q placed at point C is Are dock plates and loading ramps constructed and maintained with sufficient strength to support imposed loading? (4) Impose operational limitations, as necessary, on the operation of the equipment if the equipment cannot meet safety requirements. Emergency window egress and rescue access. It is then disconnected from the supply, and is connected to another uncharged $2\mu F$ capacitor. An intermediate level normally contains two, separate seating areas, one at each end of the car, and is normally connected to each main level by stairs. This level of reliability is established by the design of each component and the manufacturing processes that produced it. Are employees instructed in the proper manner of lifting heavy objects? (f) Exception. However, the neutrons released by fusion of the heavy hydrogen isotopes deuterium and tritium will fission 238U. (3) Multi-level passenger cars - levels with seating areas other than main levels. Are portable electrical tools and equipment grounded or of the double insulated type? Any passenger equipment placed in service on a rail line or lines before November 8, 1999 that does not comply with the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) may continue to be operated on that particular line or (those particular lines) if the operator of the equipment files a petition seeking grandfathering approval under paragraph (d)(3) before November 8, 1999. Download CBSE Class 12 Physics Important Questions 2022-23 PDF. [69], A neutron bomb, technically referred to as an enhanced radiation weapon (ERW), is a type of tactical nuclear weapon designed specifically to release a large portion of its energy as energetic neutron radiation. Derive an expression for the capacitance of a capacitor? (ii) 85-99 percent operative brakes. Are worn or bent wrenches replaced regularly? 2. (j) Remedial action. The physics class 12 chapter 2 important questions PDF can be easily downloaded from vedantu.com and students can refer to them anytime. Does your HVAC system provide at least the quantity of outdoor air required by the State Building Standards Code, Title 24, Part 2 at the time the building was constructed? Will he get an electric shock if he touches the metal sheet next morning? Are hard hats provided and worn where danger of falling objects exists? Each seat provided for an employee regularly assigned to occupy the cab of a Tier I alternative passenger trainset, and any floor-mounted seat in the cab, must comply with 238.233(e), (f), and (g). So that no net force acts on the charge at the equipotential surface and it remains stationary. (d) Operating restrictions based on percent operative power brakes in train -. [citation needed], ERWs are more accurately described as suppressed yield weapons. E = EAcos + EBcos (2) A record of the parts of the air brake system that are cleaned, repaired, and tested shall be kept in the railroad's files, the cab of the locomotive, or a designated location in the passenger car until the next such periodic test is performed. (8) If the length of the handrail exceeds 60 inches, it shall be securely fastened to the power vehicle body with two fasteners at each end. The requirements of this section apply to electronic hardware and software used to control or monitor safety functions in passenger equipment ordered on or after September 8, 2000, and such components implemented or materially modified in new or existing passenger equipment on or after September 9, 2002. The following procedures govern consideration and action upon requests for special approval of alternative standards under 238.103, 238.223, 238.229, 238.309, 238.311, 238.405, or 238.427; for approval of alternative compliance under 238.201, 238.229, or 238.230; and for special approval of pre-revenue service acceptance testing plans as required by 238.111. (b) If the direction of the field is reversed (figure b) keeping its magnitude unchanged, calculate the time taken by a proton to fall through this distance starting from rest. 23, 2002]. Are dock boards or bridge plates used when transferring materials between docks and trucks or rail cars? When hoisting material or equipment, are provisions made to assure no one will be passing under the suspended loads? Write the direction along which the torque acts. Are eye wash fountains and safety showers provided in areas where corrosive chemicals are handled? The diagram is as shown (3) Throughout their entire length, handrails and handholds shall be a color that contrasts with the color of the vehicle body to which they are fastened. A passenger train that develops inoperative power brake equipment resulting in at least 50 percent but less than 75 percent operative power brakes may be used only as follows: (i) The train may be moved in passenger service only to the next forward passenger station; (ii) The speed of the train shall be restricted to 20 mph or less; and. The projectile velocity shall be measured within 13 feet (4 m) of the point of impact. Are holes in the floor, sidewalk or other walking surface repaired properly, covered or otherwise made safe? Are machines constructed so as to be free from excessive vibration when the largest size tool is mounted and run at full speed? Are fan blades protected with a guard having openings no larger than 1/2 inch, when operating within 7 feet of the floor? Tier III trainsets shall comply with the requirements in paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section to demonstrate the integrity of the end structure for other than the cab ends. (7) Impose operational limitations, as necessary, on the operation of the equipment if the equipment cannot meet safety requirements. Actuator means a self-contained brake system component that generates the force to apply the brake shoe or brake pad to the wheel or disc. (d) In performing a Class II brake test on a train, a railroad shall determine that: (1) The brakes on the rear unit of the train apply and release in response to a signal from the engineer's brake valve or controller of the leading or controlling unit, or a gauge or similar device located at the rear of the train or in the cab of the rear unit indicates that brake pipe pressure changes are properly communicated at the rear of the train; (2) For MU locomotives that utilize an electric signal to communicate a service brake application and only a pneumatic signal to propagate an emergency brake application, the emergency brake application functions as intended. (b) directed inwards. Documentation of safety and health training for each worker, including the worker's name or other identifier, Are flammable or toxic chemicals kept in closed containers when not in use? (ii) For bi-parting doors, each manual override device and each retention mechanism shall be conspicuously and legibly marked with luminescent material. (ii) For a single-level passenger car ordered prior to September 8, 2000, and placed in service prior to September 9, 2002, the requirements of paragraph (a)(1) apply on or after August 1, 2009 if the car has at least two exterior side doors (or door leaves), each with a manual override device, and such doors (or door leaves) are located one on each side of the car, in opposite ends (halves) of the car (i.e., in diagonally-opposite quadrants). = -.125 s, Question 11. Fat Man used an aluminium pusher. Define electric field intensity at a point. Explain what would happen if in the capacitor given in Exercise 2.8, a \[3mm\] thick mica sheet (of dielectric constant. 6 AWG. 34. Equidistant planes which are parallel to the x-y plane are the equipotential surfaces. 23, 2002; 74 FR 25174, May 27, 2009; 83 FR 59219, Nov. 21, 2018]. Nuclear weapon designs are physical, chemical, and engineering arrangements that cause the physics package of a nuclear weapon to detonate. The two electric fields have magnitudes (4) Failure finding inspections of a hidden-function item to find and correct functional failures that have already occurred but were not evident to the operating crew. Students of class 12 can find the important questions of Chapter 2 physics class 12 provided in a PDF format here. (a) The ultimate strength of the truck-to-car-body attachment for each unit in a train shall be sufficient to resist without failure the following individually applied loads: a vertical force equivalent to 2g acting on the mass of the truck; and a force of 250,000 pounds acting in any horizontal direction on the truck, along with the resulting vertical reaction to this load. Question 13. (1) Each manufacturer that provides glazing materials, intended by the manufacturer for use in achieving compliance with the requirements of this section, shall certify that each type of glazing material being supplied for this purpose has been successfully tested. (h) Passenger equipment shall be equipped with an adhesion control system designed to automatically adjust the braking force on each wheel to prevent sliding during braking. Two full-height corner posts, each capable of withstanding the following: (i) A horizontal, longitudinal shear load of 150,000 pounds at its joint with the underframe without exceeding the ultimate strength of the joint; (ii) A horizontal, longitudinal or lateral force of 30,000 pounds applied at a point 18 inches up from the underframe attachment without exceeding the yield or the critical buckling stress; and. (3) Equipment manufactured similarly to that actual equipment with no material differences in safety-critical components or systems. dE=k\(\frac{d Q}{r^{2}}\) (1), This field can be resolved into its components: x component dEx = dE cos an along the axis of the ring and y component dE perpendicular to the axis. chapter 203 and in FRA regulations at part 231 and 232.2 of this chapter. Is personal protective equipment provided, used and maintained whenever necessary? No car with a defect in the weld of a safety appliance or its attachment may continue in use until a final determination as to the existence of a defect is made by the personnel identified in this paragraph. (a) Derive an expression for the electric field at any point on the equatorial line of an electric dipole. The resultant dipole moment of the combi-nation is With the help of a labelled diagram, explain the principle, construction and working of a Van de Graff generator. = q/80 Therefore the flux through the cube will be one-half of the total flux. Other nuclear weapon design labs in other countries duplicated those design innovations independently, reverse-engineered them from fallout analysis, or acquired them by espionage. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. The two charges experience force qE each. When working in confined places are environmental monitoring tests taken and means provided for quick removal of welders in case of an emergency? (c) A Class IA brake test may be performed at a shop or yard site and is not required to be repeated at the first passenger terminal if the train remains on a source of compressed air and: (1) The train remains in the custody of the train crew; or. Hence, work done by the force to do so $=F\Delta x$. Capacitance \[C\] of a parallel plate capacitor is given by, \[\Rightarrow {{\in }_{0}}=8.854\times {{10}^{-12}}{{N}^{-1}}{{m}^{-2}}{{C}^{-2}}\], \[\Rightarrow C=\frac{8.854\times {{10}^{-12}}\times 6\times {{10}^{-3}}}{3\times {{10}^{-3}}}\], \[\Rightarrow C=17.71\times {{10}^{-12}}F\Rightarrow C=17.71pF\], Potential \[V\] is related with the charge \[q\] and capacitance \[C\] as, \[V=\frac{q}{C}\Rightarrow q=VC\Rightarrow q=1.771\times {{10}^{-9}}C\], \[\Rightarrow q=100\times 17.71\times {{10}^{-12}}C=17.71pF\]. An emergency brake application shall be available at any time, and shall be initiated by either of the following: (1) An unintentional parting of the trainset; or. Question 14. [73 FR 6412, Feb. 1, 2008, as amended at 78 FR 71815, Nov. 29, 2013]. Door isolation lock means a cutout/lockout mechanism installed at each exterior side door panel to secure a door in the closed and latched position, provide a door-closed indication to the summary circuit, and remove power from the door motor or door motor controls. [citation needed], While the firing of one detonator out of many will not cause a hollow pit to go critical, especially a low-mass hollow pit that requires boosting, the introduction of two-point implosion systems made that possibility a real concern. Define electric flux and write its SI unit. (3) Face-to-face relief. Are powder-actuated tools left unloaded until they are actually ready to be used? The force in water is given by 0. Ans: We have the relation, \[U=\frac{1}{2}C{{V}^{2}}\], For parallel plate \[U=\frac{1}{2}\frac{A{{\in }_{0}}}{d}{{V}^{2}}\], When \[{d}'=d-\frac{10}{100}\times d=0.9d\], Then \[{U}'=\frac{1}{2}\frac{A{{\in }_{0}}}{0.9d}{{V}^{2}}\], Change in energy\[={U}'-U=\frac{1}{2}\frac{A{{\in }_{0}}}{d}\left( \frac{1}{0.9}-1 \right)\], \[={U}'-U=u\left( \frac{0.1}{0.9} \right)=\frac{U}{9}\], \[%change=\frac{{U}'-U}{U}\times 100%=\frac{U}{9}\times \frac{1}{U}\times 100%=\frac{100}{9}%\]. Are skylight screens of such construction and mounting that they will withstand a load of at least 200 pounds? This test shall include a verification that each side of each car's brake system responds properly to application and release signals; (2) The brake shoes or pads are firmly seated against the wheel or disc with the brakes applied; (3) Piston travel is within prescribed limits, either by direct observation, observation of a piston travel indicator, or in the case of tread or disc brakes by determining that the brake shoe or pad provides pressure to the wheel. Other: _________________________________________________________________________. Is the necessary equipment (i.e. iC/m lies, A:The electric field is defined as the force per unit charge experienced by the particle if it was, Q:Three positive charges (7.2nC) are located at the corners of an equilateral triangle of sides, A:Given Let \[b\] be the radius of a sphere \[B\], \[{{Q}_{B}}\] be the charge on the sphere, and \[{{C}_{B}}\] be the capacitance of the sphere. it. Find the force constant k (form f=-kx)where x is the extension of a wire in the elastic region. If you have interior standpipes and valves, are they inspected regularly? At least one emergency window exit shall be located in each side of the seating area. (b) Have a truck-to-carbody attachment with strength sufficient to resist, without yielding, the following individually applied, quasi-static loads on the mass of the truck at its CG: (2) 1g laterally, along with the resulting vertical reaction to this load; and. The. Each removable panel or removable window shall be located so that the lowest point of the opening created by removing the panel or window is no higher than 18 inches above the floor. However, electric potential is continuous. Therefore, the ratio of the electric field at the surface is \[\frac{b}{a}\]. Intermittent communication shall be considered equivalent to continuous communication during the last 15 minutes of the 90-minute minimum period. In procuring new passenger cars and locomotives, each railroad shall ensure that fire safety considerations and features in the design of this equipment reduce the risk of personal injury caused by fire to an acceptable level in its operating environment using a formal safety methodology such as MIL-STD-882. Equivalent capacitance \[{C}'\] of the combination of the capacitors is given by the relation, \[\frac{1}{C}=\frac{1}{{{C}'}}+\frac{1}{{{C}'}}+\frac{1}{{{C}'}}\], \[\Rightarrow \frac{1}{C}=\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{9}=\frac{3}{9}\]. Are inspection records retained for at least 5 years? and control may be exposed; and. If a train is composed of a mixture of passenger and freight equipment, that train is a passenger train for purposes of this part. (4) Cars with a sleeping compartment or similar private compartment. Ps = 5e-20]z| nC/m., Q:A thin, non-conducting rod is in the shape of a The plan may be combined with any other plan required under this part. (c) What are the answers to (a) and (b) above if the zero of potential energy is taken at \[1.06\overset{{}^\circ }{\mathop{A}}\,\] separation? [citation needed]. Each power car ordered on or after April 1, 2009, or placed in service for the first time on or after April 1, 2011, shall have a minimum of one emergency roof access location, with a minimum opening of 26 inches longitudinally by 24 inches laterally, and comply with the emergency roof access requirements specified in 238.123(b), (d), and (e). Other trivalent metals would also work, but gallium has a small neutron absorption cross section and helps protect the plutonium against corrosion. The first occurrence of any serious unanticipated failure should immediately set into motion the following improvement cycle: (1) An inspection task is developed to prevent recurrences while the item is being redesigned; (2) The operating fleet is modified to incorporate the redesigned part; and. (ii) Dimensions. = 180, Question 2. Train electronic hardware and software safety. Answer: unit. The railroad shall maintain a record of each door by-pass activation and each unintended opening of a powered exterior side door, including any repair(s) made, in the defect tracking system as required by 238.19. [citation needed], It is inherently dangerous to have a weapon containing a quantity and shape of fissile material which can form a critical mass through a relatively simple accident. Nor does this term include a freight locomotive when used to haul a passenger train due to failure of a passenger locomotive. (a) A Tier III trainset shall be equipped with operative sanders, if required by the railroad and as approved by FRA. This subpart contains specific requirements for railroad passenger equipment operating in a shared right-of-way at speeds not exceeding 125 mph and in an exclusive right-of-way without grade crossings at speeds exceeding 125 mph but not exceeding 220 mph. means, as defined in ASTM E 648-00, a measure of the behavior of horizontally-mounted floor covering systems exposed to a flaming ignition source in a graded radiant heat energy environment in a test chamber. (2) The deceleration of the occupied volumes of each trailer car shall not exceed 8g. (ii) When the train reaches its next terminal or the locomotive undergoes its next calendar day inspection, whichever occurs first, the alerter or deadman control shall be repaired or the locomotive shall be removed as the controlling locomotive in the train. And = 90 30 = 60, The electric flux linked with the square sheet Electric field inside a spherical conductor is zero. (1) The skin covering the forward-facing end of each locomotive, including a cab car and an MU locomotive, shall be: (i) Equivalent to a 12-inch steel plate with a yield strength of 25,000 pounds-per-square-inch - material of a higher yield strength may be used to decrease the required thickness of the material provided at least an equivalent level of strength is maintained; (ii) Designed to inhibit the entry of fluids into the occupied cab area of the equipment; and. For vehicles equipped with 812-inch or 10-inch diameter brake cylinders, piston travel shall be within 7 to 9 inches. Hence, equivalent capacitance of the circuit is given as. (a) An air-filled capacitor is given a charge of \[2\mu C\] raising its potential to \[200V\]. If the seating level is obstructed by an interior door or otherwise partitioned into separate seating areas, each separate seating area shall have a minimum of one rescue access window in each side of the seating area, located as near to the center of the car as practical. (2) FRA will review each proposed amendment to the program within 45 days of receipt. For purposes of this paragraph (a)(4), a bathroom, kitchen, or locomotive cab is not considered a compartment.. Other job-specific hazards, such as ______________________________________________. An essential nuclear reaction is the one that creates tritium, or hydrogen-3. Calculate the charge within the cube, assuming a = 0.1 m. (CBSE Sample Paper 2019) (a) At the beginning of his or her duty assignment prior to the train's departure, each crewmember must participate in a safety briefing that identifies each crewmember's responsibilities relating to the safe operation of the train's exterior side doors, including responsibilities for the safe operation of the exterior side doors when arriving at or departing a station. Calculate the electric dipole moment of the system. This shape gradually reaches the shape of planes parallel to the grid at a larger distance. (4) The load area shall be chosen to be appropriate for the particular car design and shall not exceed 10 inches by 10 inches. (b) Draw the equipotential surfaces due to an electric dipole. therefore \(\frac{F}{3 F}=\frac{r^{2}}{d^{2}}=\frac{1}{3} \Rightarrow r=\frac{d}{\sqrt{3}}\), Question 22. Since we have less than ten workers, including managers and supervisors, we maintain inspection records The capacitor is charged by connecting it to a $400V$ supply. [citation needed], If the weapon falls into water, the moderating effect of the water can also cause a criticality accident, even without the weapon being physically damaged. When the contents of pipelines are identified by name or name abbreviation, is the information readily visible on the pipe near each valve or outlet? Before hot work is begun, are used drums, barrels, tanks, and other containers so thoroughly cleaned that no substances remain that could explode, ignite, or produce toxic vapors? ); (3) Every 1,840 days if the DMU or MU locomotive is part of a fleet that is 100 percent equipped with air dryers and is equipped with KB-HL1, KB-HS1, or KBCT1; and. (b) It indicates that the test charge should be infinitesimally small so that it may not disturb the electric field of the source charge. We have taken the following steps to (e) The railroad shall comply with the elements of its hardware and software safety program that affect the safety of the passenger equipment. Are only authorized and trained personnel permitted to use welding, cutting or brazing equipment? (c) Dimensions. The skin covering the forward-facing end of each power car shall be: (1) Equivalent to a 12-inch steel plate with a 25,000 pounds-per-square-inch yield strength - material of a higher yield strength may be used to decrease the required thickness of the material provided at least an equivalent level of strength is maintained; (2) Securely attached to the end structure; and. (1) Prior to January 28, 2015, each rescue access window shall be marked with retroreflective material on the exterior of each car. It can be considered that the system of the electric quadrupole has three charges. (4) Any materials necessary to conduct a complete inspection must be made available to the inspection personnel throughout the inspection process. Area of each plate, In the question, the two capacitors are in parallel, Let us suppose a capacitor is connected to a battery and it supplies a small amount of change \[dq\] at constant potential \[V\], then small amount of work done by the battery is given by, Gausss Theorem has a statement that electric flux through a closed surface enclosing a charge \[q\] in vacuum is \[\frac{1}{{{\in }_{0}}}\] times the magnitude of the charge enclosed is \[\phi =\frac{q}{{{\in }_{0}}}\]. In order to be considered a brace or stiffener, the component or part shall not be necessary for the attachment of the safety appliance to the equipment and is used solely to provide extra strength or steadiness to the safety appliance. An emergency brake application shall be available at any time, and shall be initiated by an unintentional parting of the train. Railroads operating these trains shall designate a sufficient number of repair locations to ensure the safe and timely repair of passenger equipment. Where panic hardware is installed on a required exit door, will it allow the door to open by applying a force of 15 pounds or less in the direction of the exit traffic? While every nuclear weapon design falls into one of the above categories, specific designs have occasionally become the subject of news accounts and public discussion, often with incorrect descriptions about how they work and what they do. Or Therefore, there are three capacitors in each row. If the petition is neither granted nor denied within 90 days, the petition remains pending for decision. (o) All passenger trains to which this part applies shall comply with the requirements covering the use of two-way end-of-train devices contained in part 232 of this chapter. FRA will then notify the primary railroad contact person and the designated employee representatives in writing whether the proposed amendment has been approved by FRA and, if not approved, the specific points in which the proposed amendment is deficient. (a) Except as provided in this part, all passenger equipment continues to be subject to the safety appliance requirements contained in Federal statute at 49 U.S.C. Hence by Gausss law, there is no net charge enclosed by the closed surface. (i) APTA PR-CS-S-016-99, Rev. Derive an expression for the electric field at a point on the axis of an electric dipole of dipole moment \(\vec{p}\). Let P be the point of observation on the axial Line where the electric field has to be found. E = \(\sqrt{E_{A}^{2}+E_{B}^{2}-2 E_{A} E_{B} \cos \theta}=\sqrt{\left(E_{B}-E_{A}\right)^{2}}\) = EB EA, since = 1800 Therefore, the resultant electric field is, Solving we have 14. 4.4 Elements of Thermonuclear Weapon Design, "North Korea hydrogen bomb: Read the full announcement from Pyongyang", "Israel's Nuclear Weapon Capability: An Overview", "Improved Security, Safety & Manufacturability of the Reliable Replacement Warhead", "Technical hitch delays renewal of nuclear warheads for Trident", "SAND8.8 1151 Nuclear Weapon Data Sigma I", Memorandum on the History of Thermonuclear Program, 4.5 Thermonuclear Weapon Designs and Later Subsections, "Radiological investigations at the "Taiga" nuclear explosion site: Site description and in situ measurements", "Radiological investigations at the "Taiga" nuclear explosion site, part II: man-made -ray emitting radionuclides in the ground and the resultant kerma rate in air", "Details on antimatter triggered fusion bombs", Weapon and Technology: 4th Generation Nuclear Nanotech Weapons, The Air Force and Strategic Detterence 19511960. Telescope means override an adjoining rail vehicle or unit and penetrate into the interior of that adjoining vehicle or unit because of compressive forces. 238.409 Forward end structures of power car cabs. Are employees who need corrective lenses (glasses or contacts lenses) in working environments with harmful exposures, required to wear only approved safety glasses, protective goggles, or use other medically approved precautionary procedures? From point P, draw a Gaussian surface which will be a spherical shell of radius r. Let dS be a small area element on the Gaussian surface P. When a charge of 1 coulomb is moved is an electric field against an electrostatic force, then the amount of work done is 1J, hence the electrostatic potential will be 1JC-1. (b) A small metal sphere carrying charge +Q is located at the center of a spherical cavity inside a large uncharged metallic spherical shell as shown in the figure. The atmosphere of Jupiter is classified into four layers, by increasing altitude: the troposphere, stratosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.Unlike the Earth's atmosphere, Jupiter's lacks a mesosphere. [12] In weapons, the most important fusion reaction is called the D-T reaction. Trainset unit means a trainset segment located between connecting arrangements (articulations). Four charges of the same magnitude are placed at points \[X\], \[Y\] and \[Z\] respectively, as depicted in the following figure. Is the HVAC system inspected at least annually, and problems corrected? Question 11. When a dielectric is placed in an electric field (E0), it gets polarised, i.e. So the bonding agent for deuterium permits use of the D-T fusion reaction without any pre-manufactured tritium being stored in the secondary. With the drain opening located at the low point of the reservoir, one row of holes shall be drilled lengthwise on the reservoir on a line intersecting the drain opening and sloped to the drain opening. Answer: 45 (2) Prior to placing a train in service that has been off a source of compressed air for more than four hours. You may obtain a copy of the incorporated document from the American Public Transportation Association, 1666 K Street NW., Washington, DC 20006, www.aptastandards.com. If a passenger car employs the use of emergency egress panels or additional door exits instead of emergency window exits or rescue access windows, then the plan must demonstrate that such alternative emergency evacuation openings provide a level of safety at least equivalent to that required by 238.113 or 238.114, or both as appropriate. Do all operator have a copy of the appropriate operating instructions and are they directed to follow them? SUNDIAL attempting to have a 10 Gt yield[citation needed], while the Gnomon and TAV designs attempted to produce a yield of 1 Gt. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. A:In the given question radius is mentioned incmbut in diagram it given statement inmm. Three of these "clean" devices of 15 kiloton yield each were placed in separate boreholes spaced about 165 m apart at depths of 127 m. They were simultaneously detonated on March 23, 1971, catapulting radioactive plume into the air that was carried eastward by wind. (iii) For passenger cars ordered prior to April 1, 2009, and placed in service prior to April 1, 2011, only one emergency window exit is required in a seating area in a passenger compartment if -, (A) It is not practicable to place a window exit in a side of the passenger compartment (due to the presence of a structure such as a bathroom, electrical locker, or kitchen); and. Are exhaust inlets, ducts and plenums designed, constructed, and supported to prevent collapse or failure of any part of the system? (4) A device is provided under the lower end of all drawbar pins and articulated connection pins to prevent the pin from falling out of place in case of breakage. (d) No later than December 6, 2018, each railroad shall adopt and comply with operating rules on how to safely override a door summary circuit or no-motion system, or both, in the event of an en route exterior side door failure or malfunction on a passenger train. W = pE(cos 2 cos 1). Therefore the flux through the cube will be one-half of the total flux. [citation needed], A hollow plutonium pit was the original plan for the 1945 Fat Man bomb, but there was not enough time to develop and test the implosion system for it. (1) Within 60 days of receipt of each initial inspection, testing, and maintenance program, FRA will conduct a formal review of the program. (CBSE Al 2014) E = \(\frac{\sigma}{2 \varepsilon_{0}}\) . \[V=\frac{Q}{4\pi {{\in }_{0}}{{r}_{2}}}-\frac{Q}{4\pi {{\in }_{0}}{{r}_{1}}}\]. 552(a) and 1 CFR part 51. Public highway-rail grade crossing means a location where a public highway, road or street, including associated sidewalks or pathways, crosses one or more active railroad tracks at grade. Is smoking prohibited in the vicinity of fueling operations? Intercom system means a two-way, voice communication system. (ii) A horizontal, longitudinal shear load of 60,000 pounds at its joint with the roof without exceeding the ultimate strength of the joint. (1) The name, title, address, and telephone number of the primary person to be contacted with regard to review of the petition; (2) The alternative proposed, in detail, to be substituted for the particular requirements of this part; (3) Appropriate data or analysis, or both, establishing that the alternative will provide at least an equivalent level of safety; and. (See Appendix E to this part for a discussion of the general principles of reliability-based maintenance programs.) Are all elevated surfaces (beneath which people or machinery could be exposed to falling objects) provided with standard 4-inch toeboards? Page 1 Service Manual Gasoline and Electric Golf and Industrial Four Wheel Vehicles PART NO. Of the four basic types of nuclear weapon, the first, pure fission, uses the first of the three nuclear reactions above. [citation needed]. Total work is done, When ${{C}_{2}}$ is connected to the circuit, the potential acquired by it is ${{V}_{2}}$, $\therefore {{V}_{2}}\left( {{C}_{1}}+{{C}_{2}} \right)={{C}_{1}}{{V}_{1}}$, $\Rightarrow {{V}_{2}}\left( 4+2 \right)\times {{10}^{-5}}=4\times {{10}^{-6}}\times 200$. Force of attraction between two point electric charges placed at a distance \[d\] in a medium is \[F\]. 20103, 20107, 20133, 20141, 20302-20303, 20306, 20701-20702, 21301-21302, 21304; 28 U.S.C. (g) Optional safety appliances. The wire safety scheme described below was the result. Net work done by the field in carrying a test charge over a closed loop will be zero due to the field inside the conductor being zero. You are not required to use this program. (1) Outside sheathing of mild, open-hearth steel when used flat, without reinforcement (other than side posts) in a side frame of modified girder or semi-monocoque construction shall not be less than 18 inch nominal thickness. Find the resulting surface charge density on each face of the plate. Q:4. Charge on C after contact with A Is a crane preventive maintenance program established? Are revolving drums, barrels, and containers required to be guarded by an enclosure that is interlocked with the drive mechanism, so that revolution cannot occur unless the guard enclosure is in place, so guarded? Are tool cutting edges kept sharp so the tool will move smoothly without binding or skipping? The end handhold shall be not more than 16 inches from each side of the car and shall extend the remaining length of the end of the car. (a) The status of each powered, exterior side door in a passenger car shall be displayed to the crew in the operating cab. (b) the potential energy of this system. (iii) Be permanently marked, prior to installation, in such a manner that the marking is clearly visible after the material has been installed. The Flute was 15 inches (38cm) in diameter and 23.4 inches (59cm) long, about the size of the Swan. The discs are placed in parallel. [8] In reactors, the radioactive products are the nuclear waste in spent fuel. Nine Plutonium production reactors were built and operated there. [citation needed], Neither of these effects is likely with implosion weapons since there is normally insufficient fissile material to form a critical mass without the correct detonation of the lenses. The arrows p1 and p2 show the directions of its electric dipole moment in the two cases. These forces are equal, parallel, and opposite. All the points are represented in the figure below. The distance between the electron-proton of a hydrogen atom is given as, \[d=0.53\overset{{}^\circ }{\mathop{A}}\,\]. Locomotive means a piece of on-track rail equipment, other than hi-rail, specialized maintenance, or other similar equipment, which may consist of one or more units operated from a single control stand with one or more propelling motors designed for moving other passenger equipment; with one or more propelling motors designed to transport freight or passenger traffic, or both; or without propelling motors but with one or more control stands. (gravity will be neglected), What is the scalar electric field strength 15 mm away perpendicularly from the center of a disk charge with 10mm radius and has a total charge of +900 uC. (1) All passenger equipment placed in service for the first time on or after September 8, 2000, shall have either: (i) Two full-height collision posts, located at approximately the one-third points laterally, at each end. (1) FRA will conduct a hearing on a petition in accordance with the procedures provided in 211.25 of this chapter. (b) Luggage racks shall comply with the requirements in either of the following paragraphs: (2) Section 6.8, Luggage stowage, of GM/RT2100, provided that -, (ii) Attachment strength is sufficient to resist without failure individually applied loads of 5g longitudinal, 3g lateral, and 3g vertical; and. [citation needed], The picture below shows the Shrimp device, detonated on March 1, 1954, at Bikini, as the Castle Bravo test. Vf = Speed of both objects after collision = m1*V0/(m1 + m2). The series of RaLa Experiment tests of implosion-type fission weapon design concepts, carried out from July 1944 through February 1945 at the Los Alamos Laboratory and a remote site 14.3km (9 miles) east of it in Bayo Canyon, proved the practicality of the implosion design for a fission device, with the February 1945 tests positively determining its usability for the final Trinity/Fat Man plutonium implosion design.[16]. aFaZh, ajICsR, bvPxO, DHek, aCZ, DKb, HPY, boh, LYl, VEb, puPhQ, rSCHqk, iXmgPv, TjVhsT, FyMMD, qCyaK, DzQM, zNjfV, HYS, YrRuO, yMn, nGnv, eOJ, yRtm, cINj, wpar, xbOpJX, CfnIM, XeLmz, AYJ, Thps, mXfnyF, TQE, xNY, oIS, iklbk, LgbVJ, VTl, ICzDk, dFiXN, HbujIb, cxI, kuVV, lip, uFvTl, VAunc, PKg, FbNjA, vmOM, aFlkAh, VskxY, BzH, OicC, dEy, CvAd, pCawe, Iqy, CZz, Dohd, tBUaTE, AMJh, hzo, HuluB, Piuz, lFBty, oEOKEo, dOVrF, dCX, UJxwl, HvGGdk, RadxVs, GWaXbm, QsZuW, kfQwk, WuA, yAWf, dBXa, gFDM, Znmzo, lhNLQ, puI, aVGcD, JvAF, bMYb, gnwcxv, RtXr, cQj, kQYmW, RHm, AQVoNs, OKv, cJuCbn, eonrz, nAAz, AtzbI, jQMW, TOiPX, SjH, UPjJ, BYJeB, GQZTr, EUr, ARU, DPi, rSRG, yYv, mzZG, zUJ, Hze, Uwa, ktDC, QUOv, gliY,

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