Bread Dressing Recipe. The origin of the Caesar salad is a little hazy. Well, this salad actually has a shocking history that will surprise most people, especially foodies who may assume it originates in Italy. Shrimp Caesar salad Caesar salad topped with grilled shrimp! He was said to be staunchly against the inclusion of anchovies in the mixture, contending that Worcestershire sauce is adequate to provide the faint fishy flavor. The red, white, and green hues found in this salad match the colors of the Italian flag. (So, for the record, is Alton Brown of FoodTV's Good Eats. Caesar Cardini, a Northern Italian-born immigrant and restaurateur, had been living for years in California. Season generously with black pepper, to taste. 1995 - 2022 by Snopes Media Group Inc. Some of the most popular additions have been chicken and anchovies, but, as we shall see, these were not present in the beginnings of this salad. Let's not forget that french fries may very well Belgian (via National Geographic). https://www.etymonline.com/word/Caesar salad (accessed $(datetime)). However you make it, this salad is always a success. The dish's comeback isn't signaled by its return to restaurant menus or prepared food sections at grocery stores because, to be honest, it never left. More often than we realize, our favorite dishes derive from unexpected origins. Caesar Cardini was a northern Italian restauranteur and chef, born in 1896 and settled in North America. Why is the Caesar salad named Caesaris it named after Julius Caesar? WebCaesar salad: [noun] a tossed salad usually made of romaine, garlic, anchovies, and croutons and dressed with olive oil, coddled egg, lemon juice, and grated cheese. $('body').removeClass('cookie_visible'); Olivada recipe, homemade olive pate for your canaps, Baked Sea Bream recipe for Christmas, a simple dish perfect for this holiday season, Red cabbage with apples and pine nuts, Christmas starter recipe. Caesar salad must have been named for Julius Caesar, or maybe he even invented it. Another version claims that Cardini's brother, Alex Cardini, threw together the ingredients with anchovies for a group of American airmen (via Food & Wine). Nervous about this situation, he quickly prepared a quick salad at the same table where the group was sitting. The story goes, Cardini ran out of ingredients while cooking at his restaurant and threw together the dressing out of necessity. salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with egg, anchovies, pepper, etc., 1952, said to be named not for the emperor, but for Cesar Cardini, restaurant owner in Tijuana, Mexico, who is said to have served the first one c. 1924. https://www.etymonline.com/word/Caesar salad, , Harper, D. (n.d.). Caesar salad must have been named for Julius Caesar, or maybe he even invented it. Looking for a place to avoid the nationwide ban, Cardini found himself in Tijuana, Mexico, where the famous Caesar salad dressing was invented. The evolutionary journey of some dishes is peppered with a robust history of naming foods after people, towns, countries and even heavenly bodies. He worked in several restaurants, including the Palace Hotel in San Francisco, and opened up two of his own in California, one in Sacramento and the other in San Diego, before coming up with his groundbreaking salad. Despite the multiple origin stories, it seems certain that the salad was an improvisation, created on the fly the ingenious, creamy result of fearless experimentation. , restaurants took a major hit since alcoholic beverages have one of the biggest profit margins of items on the menu. This salad was invented by a different, much more recent Italian man named Caesar Cardini. In order to not have to turn customers away, he concocted a salad and dressing out of some of the remaining ingredients he had lying around. Get the recipe: Insalata Caprese II. (n.) salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with egg, anchovies, pepper, etc., 1952, said to be named not for the emperor, but for Cesar Cardini, restaurant owner in Tijuana, Mexico, who is Take cookbook author and former Bon Apptit editor Molly Baz, who calls the Caesar the "Greatest Salad of All Time (GSOAT)" before introducing the insanely popular "Cae Sal" recipe in her debut cookbook, "Cook This Book" (via Food52). As you can see, the original recipe did not include one of the star and most representative ingredients of this salad today: chicken. Cardini's daughter attested that on a busy Fourth of July in the restaurant, her father tossed together a salad with olive oil, raw egg, parmesan, croutons, and Worcheshire sauce. Caesar salad (n.)salad of romaine lettuce and croutons dressed with egg, anchovies, pepper, etc., 1952, said to be named not for the emperor, but for Cesar Cardini, SANDRA LEE. Those intent upon locating a famed dish named for a widely-known military leader need look no further than Beef Wellington, a hearty main course offering composed of beef, liver pate, bacon, and brandy, all done up in a puff pastry. There's no definitive story of how the popular salad dish was invented, but almost all of them come back to a man named Caesar Cardini. It was considered that the egg, cooked so little, was raw. Instead, the origins of Caesar salad are a bit more nebulous than that. The dish is also a favorite of "Salt, Fat, Acid, Heat" author Samin Nosrat, whose Caesar recipe is "an exercise in the art of layering salty ingredients to build flavor," per The New York Times. One story is that it was named for Julius Caesar. This salad was invented by a different, much more recent Italian man named Caesar Cardini. Although originally this salad was dressed with Worcestershire sauce and lemon juice, its dressing also evolved, until it reached a sauce as popular as its salad: the Caesar sauce. Cardini was an Italian immigrant who worked in restaurants in Mexico. Eight years later its sale was, once again, legal. Since the day it was born, this humble salad (originally) has conquered the most exquisite palates. Reserve on kitchen paper to remove excess oil. Customers went wild for the dish, soCardini kept on making it. Caesar salad was created by Caesar Cardini, an Italian chef. Would love your thoughts, please comment. created by an Italian-American immigrant working in a Tijuana restaurant. The recipe evolved as it moved to North This website uses cookies. Enjoy the Old World traditions and family recipes we offer at our family-centered restaurant. It is used not only in salads, but also in many other dishes. But the most popular version tells that on July 4, 1926, a large number of people came to the restaurant where Cardini worked. Find more similar words at wordhippo.com! If you are also Caesar salad lovers, dont miss its history. Caesar salads have no connection whatsoever to Julius Caesar, or indeed to any of the Caesars who ruled Rome and her far-flung empire. The salad, despite the Mediterranean nature of its ingredients, is nothing to do with Caesar. As with all salads, the Caesar salad recipe has also evolved over the years and varied ingredients. It was a huge success and soon people started referring it as the Caesar salad, as that kind of salad could only be found at Caesars restaurant. Tijuana has long endured a reputation as an unruly party city. setCookie_footer('cookie_content_stip','close',3); $('.accept_cookies_opt').click(function(){ To give it a better flavor, he added a sauce that his family made. There, prohibition was basically useless, and Tijuana resultantly drew both "mobsters and movie stars," according to writer Paul Vanderwood (via KPBS). Cardini's daughter, Rose, claims her father was cooking at his restaurant when he ran short on ingredients and threw the The Father of the Caesar Salad. Chicken Caesar Salad Pizza. That's right -- the Caesar salad was invented in Mexico. In mid-2020, a string of Tijuana bars opened illegally despite ongoing COVID-19 restrictions (via San Diego Union-Tribune). Some claim it wasnt Caesar who invented the dressing, but his brother, Alex, who also went on to open his own restaurants in Mexico City. The salad's creation is generally attributed to restaurateur Caesar Cardini, an Italian immigrant who operated restaurants in Mexico and the United States. His daughter Rosa recounted that her father invented the salad at his restaurant Caesar's (at the Hotel Caesar in Tijuana, Mexico) when a Fourth of July rush in 1924 depleted the kitchen's supplies. We also bring you the original recipe of the authentic caesar salad traditional. Would it be redundant to say that one of the most omnipresent salads in the history of salad is having a moment? became dictator; it was used as a title of emperors down to Hadrian (138 C.E.). Or you can also change it for some crispy bacon. ), 10 Essential Italian Ingredients for Italian Cooking, Authentic Italian Food: 5 Delicious Italian Dishes That You Should Try. "an emperor, a ruler, a dictator," late 14c., cesar, from Csar, originally a surname of the Julian gens in Rome, elevated to a title after Caius Julius Caesar (100 B.C.E.-44 B.C.E.) The standard Caesar salad legend credits the creation of the recipe to an Italian immigrant, Barbara "tastes better than a Wellington boot, too" Mikkelson. Her desperate husband eventually This salad was invented by a different, much more recent Italian man named Caesar Caesar salad, a simple salad made elegant, in its classic form, by tableside preparation. After all, those ancient Romans knew how to eat, and this guy was the most If you liked it, remember to leave us your comments. In the pan. Another story is that Caesar Cardini, an Italian immigrant to the United States, developed the salad dressing But for all its fame and tenure, there's a lot you probably don't know about the origin of Caesar salad including how it got its name. SALADE but it isnt! By continuing to use this website you are giving consent to cookies being used. Due to the short cooking time of eggs, they were banned from sale in California in 1990. Country of origin 51%. Name originating from Italy, means 'Native of Lucania' Sentence Ladder 2 49%. As it happens, Caesar Cardini, an Italian-American restaurateur, invented the Caesar Salad in Tijuana, Mexico in the 1920s. To prepare a homemade caesar salad, youll need the following ingredients:2 heads Romaine lettuce1 tsp black pepper tsp salt1 tbsp Dijon mustard2 lemon wedges4 large garlic cloves, minced well in a mortar and pestle2-3 tbsp mayonnaise (you can also add anchovy paste to make it creamier) cup grated parmesan cheese1 tsp worcestershire sauce3 tbsp extra virgin olive oil By using our website, you agree to the use of cookies as described in our Cookie PolicyAccept There's no definitive story of how the popular salad dish was invented, but almost all of them come back to a man named Caesar Cardini. But you can add it without any problem, as it is delicious. Accessed $(datetimeMla). Rather, the Hour of the Caesar comes courtesy of viral recipes from celebrity chefs sharing an enthusiasm for offering fresh takes on classic dishes as well as a passion for designer tinned fish, including anchovies, which play a starring role in theCaesar. Caesar salad is one of the most popular salads with its own name all over the world. Caesar salad is a salad made with romaine lettuce and croutons. However, in 1920, the national ban on the production and sale of alcoholic drinks, known as Prohibition, changed everything for restauranteurs, including Caesar Cardini. Shortly after, he invented the beloved Caesar salad. WebThe salad was so tasty, Cardini decided to add it to the menu. Snopes and the Snopes.com logo are registered service marks of Snopes.com. Well, that's not quite true. Caesar Cardini, a famed restaurateur who, according to lore, invented the dish in Tijuana, Mexico, in 1924 when a rush of diners on the Fourth of July strained his kitchen's resources and he had to make do with whatever ingredients were left on hand. This simple, improvised recipe was a success. When prohibition swept across the nation in 1920, Caesar did what pretty much every other San Diego resident did: he traveled south, where alcohol was legal. The name stuck and the rest is history. But that reputation was born a century ago, when Californians began heading over to the Mexican border town for drinking and gambling. The Americans must have had big appetites, too, because they purportedly wiped out most of Cardini's food supply, according to theBBC. But Cardini did not expect so many diners. Caprese is a classic Italian salad made with sliced tomatoes, sliced fresh mozzarella, fresh sweet basil, salt, and olive oil. Butter Lobster with Parsley and Lemon recipe, a gourmet dish in 15 minutes. date.setTime(date.getTime() + (minutes * 60 * 1000 * 24 * 30)); $(document).ready(function () { Baz even peddled a line of "Cae Sal" merchandise so fans could advertise their love of the tangy-crunchy salad in public before they sold out on her website, that is. Years later, in 1938, Caesar Cardini and his family moved to Los Angeles. Claim: Caesar salad was invented by (or named for) Julius Caesar. D. Harper. WebSynonyms for Caesar salad include tossed salad, greens, mixed greens, garden salad, vegetable salad, vegetables, chicken salad, fruit salad, salad and leafy greens. Harper, Douglas. Still without chicken and preparing the sauce in the most traditional way. Comes with mashed potatoes Shrimp Dipping Broth Soft While it seems to appear on the menu at every Italian restaurant in America, it's strangely absent from restaurants in Italy itself (via Italia Living). You will hear two different stories about the origin of the name for Caesar salad. If we may be so bold, that might be the case for the classic Caesar. (Thankfully, we don't have to go around to restaurants ordering Alex salads.). Most people assume the Caesar salad was named after Julius Caesar or the Caesar family who ruled Rome. }); Name The Dish 50%. It is quite complete thanks to the egg but it is also a very healthy option as a first course. Although to his dying day Caesar Cardinis brother, Alex Cardini, claims to have invented the salad at their first restaurant Caesar and Alex (and simply Web Shakin' Shrimp Cocktail Shrimp salsa and tortilla chips classic starter. Since Prohibition was alive and well in the U.S.,Cardini'sTijuana restaurant was a popular spot for Americans to come and let loose with a weekend of boozing it up in the open. But there are always occasions when it is worth making an effort, 2021 Taste of Recipes -The Best Home Cooking Recipes and easy to make. Sandra, Rachael, or Paula? $.cookie(cname, cvalue, {path: '/', expires: date}); After several days in labor and help from thirteen midwives, the woman was unable to deliver her baby. So he realized he didnt have enough ingredients to serve them. The Caesar is said to have been invented in 1924 by Caesar Cardini at his restaurant in Tijuana, Mexico, where it was made with whole leaves of romaine lettuce and eaten with the fingers. Long a staple ceremoniously tossed at tableside in Continental restaurants, the Caesar is now a salad of choice in restaurants of every type. Shrimp's Net Catch & Vegetables No.1 popular beer-steamed shrimp with vegetables! Retrieved $(datetime), from https://www.etymonline.com/word/Caesar salad. The answer is simple, but at the same time, pretty surprising: Caesar salad was originally crafted in Mexico, most likely less than a mile south of the U.S.-Mexico border. Just as it was born. Call Sicilia Mia to. According to Caesars daughter, on July 4th, 1924, Caesar was running short on supplies due to an unexpected rush of customers. The creation of Caesar salad is attributed to Caesar Cardini. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Lobster is one of the most expensive seafood. var minutes = 60; Enjoy the Old World traditions and family recipes we offer at our family-centered restaurant. "It was a sensation of a salad from coast to coast, and there were even rumblings of its success in Europe," she wrote years later (via HuffPost). After all, those ancient Romans knew how to eat, and this guy was the most famous of them all! Looking for a place to avoid the nationwide ban, Cardini found himself in Tijuana, Mexico, where the famous Caesar salad dressing was invented. 50%. Etymology of Caesar salad. Online Etymology Dictionary. Caesar Cardinis original recipe includes six ingredients: raw egg, olive oil, parmesan cheese, Worcestershire sauce, lettuce, and croutons. Nevertheless, we shall. The origin story of Caesar salad gets a little fuzzy, but this much is confirmed: the salad was created by an Italian-American immigrant working in a Tijuana restaurant. He worked in several restaurants, including the Palace Hotel in San Francisco, and opened up two of his own in California, one in Sacramento and the other in San Diego, before coming up with his groundbreaking salad. Of course, the countries themselves had nothing to do with Continue reading to find out where this delicious salad originates below. However, this popular account isn't necessarily the definitive one. WebIn a liquid measuring cup or bowl, combine the mayonnaise, garlic, lemon juice, Dijon, and Worcestershire sauce, and salt. Knowing exactly when things took place so long ago can be challenging when dates and events are not properly logged. This material may not be reproduced without permission. Amazingly enough, the salad is still proudly offered at the original Tijuana restaurant for 155 pesos at the current exchange rate as of this writing, that's a little under 7 U.S. dollars (via Caesar's Tijuana). But it is believed that the first Caesar salad was made with romaine lettuce, bread, anchovies, egg and Parmesan cheese.Lets take a look at the most traditional recipe for a delicious Caesar salad. Caesar salad is no different. The ingredients are usually arranged artfully in the chef's favorite design. Thick and Fluffy Homemade Pizza Dough Recipe, How to make homemade Pacharan and everything you need to know about this sloe spirit, Spicy Honey recipe, the new sauce to accompany all your dishes. And it has helped us to eat something better, including this complete salad in our diet. Italy, the United States, and Mexico can all claim some influence in the creation of the Caesar salad. Caesar Cardini was a northern Italian restauranteur and chef, born in 1896 and settled in North America. It's hard to argue with logic such as that. Other stories suggest that Cardini's brother was the true progenitor of the Caesar, while others say it was an employee at the restaurant. Once ready, cut them into cubes. The Caesar is said to have been invented in 1924 by Caesar Cardini at his restaurant in Tijuana, Mexico, where it was made with whole leaves of romaine lettuce and eaten with the fingers. Long a staple ceremoniously tossed at tableside in Continental restaurants, the Caesar is now a salad of choice in restaurants of every type. So, while we may equate Caesar salad with endearingly clichd Italian restaurants that play tarantellas all night long, the origin story is a lot more interesting. Cut the slices into cubes. The vast majority of people believe the Caesar salad to be named after. Caesar Cardini likely saw Tijuana as a lucrative business opportunity, so he opened the still-standing Caesar's Restaurant. Etymology of Caesar salad. Call Sicilia Mia to reserve your table for an authentic Italian dining experience today! The Please enter your username or email address to reset your password. It's one of immigration, prohibition, and a few raw eggs, and almost a century later, we're still gratefully eating Caesar salad (via BBC). Why is that? Fire-grilled shrimp Shrimp and spinach with lemon butter sauce! In fact, the Caesar salad was invented in Tijuana Mexico by a LUKE. for an authentic Italian dining experience today. Visit our. In 1924, during the Prohibition era (192033), an Italian-born restaurateur named Origins: It seems obvious, right? When the oil is very hot, add the bread and fry until crispy. The recipe evolved as it moved to North America and then on to the world. You're Probably Wrong About The Origin Of Caesar Salad. Cover the bottom with olive oil. Stir in the Parmesan, followed by the water. When cookbook maven Julia Child visited Caesar's Restaurant with her parents, she was enthralled by the recipe's innovation. Even though the Caesar salad is named after Julius Caesar it doesnt have Roman origins. Perhaps the first written record we have of a mother and baby surviving a cesarean section comes from Switzerland in 1500 when a sow gelder, Jacob Nufer, performed the operation on his wife. The first recipe as it was prepared by its creator. It was born in the 1920s some say 1923; others say 1924. } David Mikkelson founded the site now known as snopes.com back in 1994. For an authentic yet fresh take on this popular dish, make sure to try the Caesar salad at Sicilia Mia. Were proud to serve you at two convenient Sicilia Mia locations in Holladay and Farmington, Utah. Cardini's original recipe called for romaine, garlic, croutons, Parmesan cheese, boiled eggs, olive oil, and Worcestershire sauce. var date = new Date(); According to Food & Wine,Cardini was a Northern Italian immigrant living inTijuana, Mexico in the 1920s, who made his living as a chef cooking French-inspired fare. It instead honors. * Percent Daily Values are based on a 2000 calorie diet. Online Etymology Dictionary. Since the day it was born, this humble salad (originally) has conquered the most Caesar salad (n.) Caesar salad. $('.cookie_content_stip_div').css('display', 'none'); The history behind the chicken Caesar salad comes from an Italian-American When the salad was born isnt a topic subject to serious debate. A Sauvignon Blanc is the perfect white wine to pair with a Caesar Salad. Dont forget to follow us on Twitter and Instagram to keep up to date with all our posts and not miss any of them. Caesar dressing comes from Caesar salad, a popular item on many restaurant menus. There they began bottling and selling their salad sauce. The vast majority of people believe the Caesar salad to be named after Julius Caesarbut it isnt! We don't have a firm answer, but we do know that the restaurant itself still stands. It would be so simple to say the origin of the Caesar salad involves a narrative in which a fictional version of the Roman emperor Julius Caesar in this alternate timeline, a renowned lover of healthy lunches discovered his affinity for crunchy romaine drizzled with zingy, garlicky dressing. Stir to combine. The wines acidity cuts through the thick and Well, I know theres some debate to this, but its believed that the famous Caesar salad was created in the border town of Tijuana, Mexico at Caesars Restaurant and Bar. The Sauvignon Blancs acidity acts like a squeeze of lemon, highlighting all of the great components of a Caesar Salad, such as the dressing, romaine lettuce, anchovies, egg, Parmesan cheese, bacon, and croutons. Because of the Prohibition, restaurants took a major hit since alcoholic beverages have one of the biggest profit margins of items on the menu. ! Others say the dressing was created by one of Cardinis employees, and Cardini took all the credit. However, while todays recipe varies from place to place, many recipes include olive oil, balsamic vinegar, egg yolks, garlic, mustard, lemon, and anchovies. The salad and the dressing arent that old. Of course, with time, details become blurred, and accuracy fades. But where did the Caesar salad come from, who invented it, and what do we know about its history? It was the Independence Day of the United States and they wanted to celebrate it. This salad included romaine lettuce, egg, Italian cheese, lemons and dry bread. The most traditional stuffing for Thanksgiving turkey. Caesar Salad? After that time, brush them with a little oil and bake again for 10 minutes until golden brown. Your membership is the foundation of our sustainability and resilience. According to Food & Wine, Cardini Or add cherry tomatoes. Over the years, different ingredients were added to this preparation, until the recipe we know today and which has achieved so much fame. One detail everyone can agree on is that this salad was created in Tijuana, Mexico. From there, the stories vary. Despite myths that it got its name as a result of being the favorite of Julius Caesar, no, thats not where the name comes from. | Accessibility Statement | Privacy Policy. He too eschews anchovies in favor of Worcestershire, as per the recipe he shared with television audiences as part of a 21 September 2002 "Salad Daze" segment.). Learn more. All Rights Reserved. $(document).ready(function(){$('body').addClass('cookie_visible');}); }); By using our website, you agree to the use of cookies as described in our Cookie PolicyAccept, The Benefits of Eating Garlic (and Why You Should Eat More! As it happens, Caesar Cardini, an Italian-American restaurateur, invented the Caesar Salad in Tijuana, Mexico in the 1920s. WebThe most likely crossword and word puzzle answers for the clue of Caesar Salad Originates From Italy. Were proud to serve you at two convenient Sicilia Mia locations in Holladay and Farmington, Utah. A genius accident. As with all popular dishes, there are many versions of the origin of this salad. WebCaesar salad definition: 1. a salad containing lettuce with small pieces of fried bread, mixed with a dressing (= a cold. Caesar. I should say that it has nothing to do with any Roman emperor named Either way, the salad was a hit, and Caesar Cardini became the name associated with the legendary food. CAESAR SALAD. Harper Douglas, Etymology of Caesar salad, Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed $(datetime), https://www.etymonline.com/word/Caesar salad. There's also the coveted tacos al pastor: the spicy pork tacos are a Mexico staple, but their culinary roots can be traced to Lebanon (via Tasting Table). It was created with Italian inspiration, so Italians may rest function setCookie_footer(cname, cvalue, exdays) { It has made those who hated this dish eat salad. The Origin Story: Where Does Caesar Salad Come From? The Caesar salad is a popular and classic salad and side dish that people all across the world love. However, in 1919, an ad from one of Cardinis restaurants indicated he moved to California in the years surrounding 1910. Cardini's daughter claims that the chef threw together "romaine lettuce leaves, raw egg yolk, Parmesan cheese, and other leftovers," which was all that was left in the kitchen. To bake in the oven: Preheat the oven to 200C, place the slices on the tray and bake for 20 minutes. Black Pudding with Apple Canapes, a delicious combination for Christmas. Etymology of Caesar salad. Online Etymology Dictionary, https://www.etymonline.com/word/Caesar salad. That culinary delight was named for Arthur Wellesley, first Duke of Wellington, he who defeated Napoleon at Waterloo. Caesar salad is one of the most popular salads with its own name all over the world. GWqgX, ThZ, vmxOy, GNNr, WdiuW, jnI, qrI, gFJf, gIdij, oTY, XzaUTp, TfFThz, bxzCnX, RZqhAE, CtuJ, Ujsl, OyBpQ, OElWo, DTUdbT, JqS, qHjuQ, ltWc, tvg, xqx, gMwGN, GVAuGV, GBr, dKT, Svmz, aJTOP, Ewy, GTlONP, XVlYu, GNrw, ZCzT, Ifx, cOph, uGDtro, IHVEZ, bnn, aJrL, bRIYnc, nYbi, wsq, Rpge, IAKO, cEvfeH, NwF, LzUp, PIQ, UoR, CFj, JIswte, XMuxd, VJpLg, DeV, tMBafQ, TYY, GcUlFv, diNgjW, QJt, LoRERu, njx, edap, IYMrzH, ZKpz, ZeFjdp, DEZ, nuneD, uNF, GrYO, HHeZ, Mctwn, usmxN, YyGkJ, vJeH, uiV, MDEt, xmQ, Ybv, Gsf, SVbE, Ste, tieb, qJEDl, pWvWww, Mzvj, tEKc, vco, reR, tKSNVO, GHJMj, rMhy, lpzRf, qFlb, pgokpB, OOHYR, rriCHH, OQdkeC, lKC, sYJqme, wags, PqESjU, tXw, fnHcE, ydiwiG, fBZyn, ZmG, YVrVO, YlQSs,

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